Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects more than 25 million people in the United States, and for many, symptoms become worse at night. Nighttime asthma, also known as nocturnal asthma, can disrupt sleep, making it difficult to get the rest your body needs. Poor sleep quality due to asthma can lead to fatigue, daytime drowsiness, and decreased lung function, worsening the cycle of asthma symptoms.
Understanding why asthma symptoms worsen at night and how to manage them is crucial for improving both lung function and sleep quality.
Why Does Asthma Get Worse at Night?
If you find yourself coughing, wheezing, or experiencing shortness of breath at night, you’re not alone. Several factors contribute to worsened asthma symptoms while sleeping, including:
1. Lying Down Position
When you lie flat, mucus and airway secretions accumulate, increasing airway resistance and making breathing more difficult. The horizontal position also affects lung expansion, contributing to nighttime asthma flare-ups.
2. Nighttime Allergens and Irritants
- Dust mites, pet dander, and mold are common indoor allergens that can trigger asthma symptoms.
- Bedding and pillows can harbor allergens, causing irritation and inflammation in the airways.
- Strong odors from cleaning products, perfumes, or smoke can worsen nighttime asthma.
3. Changes in Airway Function
At night, your body naturally produces less cortisol, a hormone that helps reduce inflammation. The drop in cortisol levels can cause airway inflammation to worsen, leading to increased airway narrowing and restricted airflow.
4. Acid Reflux (GERD) and Asthma
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is commonly associated with asthma. When stomach acid flows back into the esophagus while lying down, it can irritate the airways and trigger asthma symptoms.
5. Cold Air and Humidity Levels
- Dry air or fluctuating temperatures can make airways more sensitive.
- Using a humidifier or air purifier can help reduce airborne irritants and maintain optimal humidity levels.
How Poor Sleep Affects Asthma
When asthma disrupts sleep, it can have significant consequences on lung health and overall well-being:
- Increased Asthma Attacks: Sleep deprivation makes the immune system more reactive, leading to more frequent and severe asthma attacks.
- Lower Immunity: Poor sleep quality weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to respiratory infections.
- Reduced Lung Function: A lack of deep, restorative sleep increases airway inflammation, reducing breathing capacity and oxygen intake.
Tips for Managing Asthma for Better Sleep
If asthma is interfering with your sleep, these strategies can help:
1. Keep Your Bedroom Allergy-Free
- Wash bedding and pillowcases weekly in hot water to remove allergens.
- Use hypoallergenic pillow and mattress covers to block dust mites.
- Keep pets out of the bedroom to minimize exposure to pet dander.
2. Adjust Your Sleeping Position
- Sleep with your head slightly elevated to prevent mucus buildup and reduce GERD symptoms.
- Side sleeping is often recommended for those with asthma and sleep apnea.
3. Control Air Quality
- Use an air purifier to remove allergens and irritants from the air.
- Maintain indoor humidity levels between 30-50% to prevent airway dryness.
4. Follow Your Asthma Treatment Plan
- Take prescribed controller medications (inhalers, steroids) as directed.
- Keep a rescue inhaler nearby in case of nighttime asthma attacks.
- Schedule regular pulmonary check-ups with a specialist like Dr. Oseni to assess lung function.
5. Address GERD if Present
- Avoid eating large meals or spicy foods before bedtime.
- Use a wedge pillow to prevent acid reflux while sleeping.
- Consider medications that reduce acid production if needed.
When to See a Specialist
If asthma symptoms continue to disrupt sleep despite home management, it’s time to see a lung and sleep specialist. At Lung and Sleep Specialists of North Texas, Dr. Oseni provides personalized asthma treatment plans to help patients breathe easier and sleep better.
Take Control of Your Asthma and Sleep Today
No one should have to choose between breathing and sleeping well. If nocturnal asthma is affecting your health and quality of life, schedule an appointment with Lung and Sleep Specialists of North Texas for expert care and treatment options tailored to your needs.